Plan-Do-Check-Act PDCA
ISO Harmonized StructureThe continuous-improvement cycle every modern ISO management system standard is built on. Under the shared Harmonized Structure: Plan covers Clauses 4–6 (context, leadership, planning), Do covers Clauses 7–8 (support, operation), Check covers Clause 9 (performance evaluation), and Act covers Clause 10 (improvement).
For small firms
Recognizing this mapping makes the standard feel far less arbitrary — it's just PDCA with ISO's own naming.